Advanced Finance — lecture notes

Options, debt financing, risk management, financial planning & working capital management, mergers

Lecture 1 #

Interesting Facts #

  • Many traditional banks are not hedging with options yet
  • Holcim: write put options and buy call options to acquire public companies

Derivatives #

Financial instruments derived from another

Options #

  • European (only at exercise date), American (at any given time)
  • Much more efficient way of using capital
  • You can generate a put option by shorting and buying a call option

Lecture 2 #

Option Pricing #

  • Option delta: spread of possible option prices / spread of possible share prices
  • Risk-neutral valuation:
    • p = (1 + interest rate) - downside change / upside change - downside change
  • Value of call option = p * highest valuation + (1-p)*lowest valuation
  • Present value of call option = value of option / interest rate

Put Call Parity #

Warrants #

Create new shares at a given price, but will dilute the shares.

Convertible bonds #

Lecture 3 #